Technology Triage

科技大搶救

Once your organization has identified what needs to be done and in what order, you can focus on obtaining the resources, funds, advice and technology you need to begin the recovery process. Under ideal circumstances, your organization documented its recovery priorities before disaster struck. However, when this isn’t the case, it’s still worth taking time to consider carefully the order in which you’ll repair damaged equipment and systems.

一旦你的機構確定執行方案和順序，就可以集中精力尋找資源、資金、建議方案和相關技術來啓動復原的程序。理想情況是，你的機構在災難前就已經有復原處理計劃。如果沒有的話，還是要好好考慮受損設備復原的先後順序。

Every organization is going to have different technology priorities following a disaster, so a one-size-fits-all prescription is not appropriate; however, there are some general guidelines for developing a good technology triage list:

每個機構在災難後採用的程序不同，沒有所謂一體適用的處方。即便如此，還是有一般適用的原則可以運用在搶救科技上：

1. Communication is king. In most disasters, reestablishing communication with the outside world is the first priority during and immediately after a disaster. In the section below on communication, we’ll discuss the reasons that communication channels are so important and some of the different ways you can send and receive information during an emergency. As soon as possible after a disaster strikes, it’s crucial to inform any stakeholders whose relationship with the organization might have been impacted.

1. 保持通訊暢通優於一切。在大部分災難中，災後首要任務是立即恢復與外界的溝通管道。在後面的章節，我們會談到為何通訊暢通如此重要，以及在緊急情況下收發信息的各種方式。災難過後第一時間，要馬上通知可能會受到影響的各利益相關人員。

2. Consider your constituents next. Focus on services, functions, programs and audiences first, before you consider machines, networks and applications. Who supports you and who do you support? Who relies on you the most? Who might be suffering as a result of the disaster and in need? Which programs must continue through the time of rebuilding, and which ones can be postponed?

2. 其次，審慎思考組成要素。服務、職責、計劃和服務對象應該優先考量，機器設備、網絡相關設施可以在後。誰是你的支持者？而你又支持誰？誰最需要你？災難是誰受苦最深，最需要幫助？在重建過程中需要哪些計劃去持續下去？而哪些可以暫時放著？

3. Key data and information. Determine what data and information your organization needs to operate effectively in the short- and medium-term. Use this information to decide which equipment to bring back to life first. Restoring and repairing systems can take a significant amount of time, and focusing your efforts where they will have the most impact is one of the keys to a successful triage.

3. 重要資料及資訊。確認在中短期階段，你的機構有哪些資料和資訊可以有效的運用。利用這些資訊來決定要先恢復那些設備。重建和修理這些系統很花時間，所以先把時間和精力花在影響最大的事情上比較容易獲得成功。

4. Backup systems. If you’re lucky, you may have stored backup media in a safe place that you can access. In the event that the backup media and hardware are unusable, you’ll need outside help recovering the data. Determining the state of your backup system may be a priority. If you have a reliable network backup system, you may not need to worry about retrieving the data on individual computers.

4. 備份系統。幸運的話，你的資料可能有備份並存放在安全的地方以便取用。但是如果備份資料和硬件已不堪使用，很可能需要外界的幫助。儘早確認備份系統的狀況如何很重要，因為如果備份系統可以使用，就不需要忙著一個一個地修復資料了。

5. Servers. Recovering the server — the core of many networks — may be a high priority for your organization, as it is probably the key to recovering your data and getting the rest of your network up.

5. 伺服器。盡速修復伺服器，伺服器是網路系統的中樞，因爲這很能關係到你的機構是否能找回資料並且使其他網路開始運作。

To recover mission-critical data from a machine that is physically damaged (and for which you do not have a backup), we strongly recommend hiring a data-recovery professional. (See Data Recovery, below, for additional information on retrieving lost data.)

在沒有備份的情況下，要從外觀已經受損的設備中找回關鍵的重要資料，我們强烈建議最好尋求資料修復專家的幫助。（請參閱資料回復一節有關如何找回遺失的資料）

Quick Disaster Checklist

災難快速檢查表

Guangdong Peizheng College has three campuses in China, all of which are frequently impacted by power surges and equipment failures. [Name] at Guangdong Peizheng’s IT department shared with us his disaster preparation and recovery checklists:

廣東培正商學院的3台電腦常常受到電流突波(電流突然增強)和設備故障的影響。學院的IT部門和我們分享他們的災難應變和修復檢查表：

How to prepare

如何準備

1. List all aspects of disasters so that the IT department can think of appropriate solutions to address any possible disaster.

2. Train employees and volunteers on your disaster plan before a disaster strikes, not after. A disaster rehearsal may be useful.

3. Save instructions for a disaster on every desktop.

4. Necessary toolkits for a disaster should be handy for each employee too.

1. 盡量把可能遭遇的災難情況列出來，以便IT部門可以針對各情況準備應變方案

2. 在災難發生之前就要培訓員工和志工，而不是等到災難發生之後。到時就會知道災難演習的效果

3. 每台電腦都要配備災難指導原則

4. 準備好員工隨時可以拿到的工具包

How to respond

如何應對

1. Announce the emergency to staff, volunteers, and stakeholders immediately.

2. Ask employees to follow the disaster instructions.

3. Deliver the materials and toolkits for aid.

4. Repair or replace damaged computers and their accessories as soon as possible.

1. 立即將緊急狀況通知各員工，志工及所有相關人員

2. 要求員工按找災難指導原則行事

3. 發放救災材料和工具包

4. 盡速修復或替換受損的電腦及相關配備